But since Judy mentioned the Shroud of Turin, I can't let this opportunity go 
by without relating the following (rather dreadful) true story which concerns 
the far reaching effects of ideas of photography. Some may even say here that 
photography can be rather insidious.
An English forensic scientist was called during a court trial here in Australia 
in 1982 (along with hundreds of other experts), to give evidence on the 
clothing of a tiny child who had been snatched by a dingo from a tent while 
sleeping. The child, Azaria Chamberlain, and her family were camping at Ayers 
Rock in central Australia. This was August 1980. Two years later the child's 
mother was convicted of her murder (no body had been found) and jailed. The 
*scientific* evidence of Prof James Cameron was significant in her conviction. 
He claimed to be able to see a bloody handprint on the child's knitted clothing 
which had been, belatedly, found half buried in the desert sands. Cameron 
insisted that it was a small hand print he could see - it was just like that of 
a woman it was concluded. Others could not see this as clearly as he insisted 
he could. It was revealed, later, that Cameron had actually worked on the 
Shroud of Turin and was particularly interested in it. The idea of the image on 
the Shroud had obviously stayed in his mind. 
This was a very very big case here. The mother, Lindy Chamberlain, was released 
after some years in jail - her conviction finally in doubt. But she was never 
pardonned as far a I can remember. The concept of the Shroud of Turin became 
significant in this case. The idea of a residual image of the perpetrator 
herself, a hand print stubbornly embedded in the fibres of the child's 
clothing, once implanted in the public's mind, had everyone looking at the 
child's garment. Everything in this case and a lot more, appearded in the 
media, photographs were critical in so many ways and it became a popular trial 
by media. Debate raged. Was there a hand visible on the clothing or wasn't 
there?
In fact the whole case was absolutely loaded with fascinating photographic 
references, pictures and photo-philosphical problems. From the prosecution's 
claim that the dead child's body had been stuffed into the father's camera bag 
(yes really), to photographs of all kinds used as evidence. Photographs of bits 
of the family car for example, were otherwise quite unintelligible without 
expert interpretation. *Blood stains* were carefully pointed out to the judge 
on numerous photographs. But these blood stains when tested properly later, 
turned out to be a chemical used in car manufacture - where they were found.  
Now how do you deal with that? - Photographs which picture something, but which 
are meaningless until given meaning, or rather, interpreted and put into words 
and sentences by someone who, supposedly, knows? 
Many on the this list (well, OK, some people) may remember a film in the US 
called *A Cry in the Dark*. In Australia it was *Evil Angels*. It quite well 
recounted this shocking drama.
 
I could go on and on, which might be already evident. I made a huge number of 
photographs (yes many in alternative process too) on this and exhibited them 
first in 1984 or 1985. The local art community was rather horrified that anyone 
should use this as a subject, and that I should express an opinion on the 
matter too. But I was outraged, I thought there were essential matters of 
principle at stake here and of course, was greatly stimulated by the fact that 
photography had been so influential and that the Shroud of Turin could possibly 
bear on the matter as it had. Ten years later a few people said to me what a 
good show the first one was, and someone re-exhibited some of the early work. 
sigh :-)...
I've tried to be brief and as a result have probably sacrificed clarity here 
and there. But photography is so complex.
cheers all
Catherine