My experience with cyanotype is that I have to wash for an hour or so.  
This may not apply to anyone else, though, because I print on a waterleaf 
paper (Arches 88 or unsized BFK) which is totally saturated with 
solution.  Its a lot like blotter paper, actually.
If I do not wash it enough, over time the area around the image area will 
develop a quite ugly, dirty looking stain.
It is sometimes possible to wash too long, though, and degrade the image. 
 Getting it right is not hard, but requires attention, and sometimes I 
lose a print.  I wash in one of those Arkay trays that has the water 
coming in from one end and exiting through holes in the other.  This is a 
gentle wash.  I have found that too vigorous a wash is hard on the image.
>This comes from A. Adams, Minor White, et al. We all learned our chops 
>printing silver bromide and this the catechism is: wash wash wash.
Yes yes yes.  In my life as photopriest I continue to intone the 
canticles.  But I do resist.  In these days of RC papers, which I 
encourage in beginning classes, washing a long time is just a senseless 
waste of water. 
Larry Bullis
Skagit Valley College